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Protocols

Technical analysis of the protocols powering digital communication, including SMTP, IMAP, SIP, XMPP, RCS, WebRTC, MMS, and emerging standards that define how modern messaging and communication systems operate.

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ProtocolsProtocolsInfrastructure

Why DMARC Alignment Matters More Than DMARC Itself

DMARC fails when SPF or DKIM pass for the wrong domain. The alignment rules, relaxed vs strict modes, and the ESP configuration that fixes it.

DavidApr 23, 2024
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ProtocolsStrategySecurity

DKIM Key Rotation: A Practical Guide for Production Environments

How to rotate DKIM keys in production without breaking signatures. Dual-selector strategy, 2048-bit key sizes, and the rotation cadence that actually works.

DavidMar 21, 2024
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AuthenticationDeliverabilityInfrastructureProtocols

The ARC Header: How Forwarding Breaks DMARC and What You Can Do

Forwarders break DMARC by modifying messages in transit. ARC (RFC 8617) preserves authentication results across hops. How it works, who supports it, and the limits.

DavidOct 24, 2023
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ProtocolsAuthentication

BIMI Explained: Is the VMC Investment Worth It for B2B Senders?

BIMI displays your logo in supporting inboxes. The VMC certificate costs $1,500/year. Whether the brand recognition lift justifies the spend honestly assessed.

DavidAug 22, 2023
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ProtocolsAuthentication

Understanding DMARC Policies: From p=none to p=reject Without Breaking Things

How to move from DMARC p=none to p=reject without breaking production mail. The phased rollout that actually works with the failures most senders hit.

DavidApr 18, 2023